Anxiety – What It Is, Types, Causes and Symptoms

Anxiety is the body's natural reaction to stress and manifests itself through worry, restlessness, and inner tension. In mild forms, it occurs before exams, interviews, or public presentations. However, when it becomes persistent and begins to affect daily life, it may indicate an anxiety disorder that requires specialized support.

Anxiety is also not just about intense emotions. It affects the way a person thinks, reacts, and makes decisions. Over time, this condition can lead to avoidance of social situations, decreased self-confidence, and difficulty concentrating.

What is anxiety?

Anxiety is a defense mechanism of the body designed to protect us from danger. The problem arises when this mechanism remains active without a real reason. In addition, repetitive thoughts and constant anticipation of negative scenarios can amplify the feeling of fear and insecurity.

Types of anxiety

• Generalized anxiety disorder – constant worry with no clear cause
• Panic disorder – sudden episodes of intense fear
• Specific phobias – intense fears related to situations or objects
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder – intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors
• Posttraumatic stress – anxiety after traumatic events
• Social anxiety – fear of being judged

Causes of anxiety

Anxiety arises from a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental factors. Therefore, there is not a single universal cause, but rather a combination of influences.

• Genetic factors – inherited predisposition
• Chemical imbalances – changes in serotonin
• Environmental factors – chronic stress and trauma
• Psychological factors – tendency to overanalyze

Anxiety symptoms

Symptoms can be physical, emotional, and behavioral. At the same time, the intensity differs from one person to another.

• Physical symptoms – palpitations, tremors, sweating
• Emotional symptoms – constant restlessness, irritability
• Behavioral symptoms – avoidance of stressful situations

When is it recommended? psychological help?

If anxiety If anxiety persists and affects sleep, relationships, or professional performance, psychological counseling is recommended. Through therapy, thought patterns can be identified and healthy strategies for managing emotions can be developed.